Report reveals exploitation of migrant women
Thursday, 16 April 2009 22:44
New research has uncovered what is being described as a heartbreaking and sickening litany of rape, abuse and exploitation for profit of migrant women in Ireland.
A report commissioned by the Immigrant Council of Ireland has identified more than 100 women and girls who have been trafficked into or through this country for sexual exploitation over a period of less than two years.
It also found that hundreds more women, the majority of whom are migrant women, were being sexually exploited for profit in the Irish sex industry, which is worth an estimated €180m a year.
ICI founder Sr Stan Kennedy said the level of exploitation of migrant women within the Irish indoor sex industry demanded a response from the Government.
Sr Stan said: ‘This report uncovers a heartbreaking and sickening litany of rape, abuse and exploitation for profit of migrant women on Irish soil.’
ICI Chief Executive Densie Charlton said the findings showed that sex trafficking was a real problem in Ireland.
The study identified 102 women who were trafficked to Ireland for sex during 2007 and 2008.
11 of them were children at the time.
None of them knew that was the reason they were brought here.
These figures only represent the women who went looking for help.
The agencies who help these women say that Ireland has become a lucrative location for sex trafficking because of the high prices charged and therefore the high profits made by sex traffickers.
They say the fact that buying sex is not criminalised in Ireland also makes it an attractive destination for traffickers to do business.
Up to 97% of the women working in the sex industry here are migrants.Youths trained as peer educators against human trafficking
COREY ROBINSON, Observer staff reporter robinsonc@jamaicaobserver.com
Friday, April 17, 2009
MORE than 70 youths were certified as peer educators against human trafficking in Jamaica during Wednesday’s closing ceremony of part three of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Project funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
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| Sean Osner, deputy director in the Office of Sustainable Development at the United States Agency for International Development, talks with participants in the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Project, (seated from left) Shanei Guthrie, Fiona Little and Tashana Brown while Jennifer Williams, director of research and policy at the Bureau of Women’s Affairs, listens in. (Photos: Aston Spaulding) |
The youngsters, whose ages range from 14 to 24, were among 427 participants in the programme aimed at increasing awareness about the heinous practice of human trafficking in Jamaica.
The yearlong project also exposed the participants to training in barbering, cosmetology, information technology, photography, videography and basic language and literacy improvement activities.
The initiative was administered through the People’s Action for Community Transformation (PACT), in collaboration with other non-government organisations.
“This is the third part of the programme. In 2004 we entered into a sort of pact funded by USAID to (inform young people about the threat of human trafficking); because it was understood that our young people were being trafficked. Our young people, especially those in coastal towns, were being lured out of the society and into these negative situations, many times where they were being sold into prostitution. So we basically wanted to educate the public about this criminal practice through the projects,” said Sheila Nicholson, project co-ordinator and CEO of PACT.
Nicholson said that the youngsters were mainly from communities in St James and neighbouring parishes.
According to Ricardo Rose, a participant from the troubled March Pen Road community in Spanish Town, St Catherine, “I learned peer education in teaching young people about life, HIV/AIDS and the training that I got in Videography during the project has opened my mind on life and its expectations. The programme worked a lot and it taught us a lot about human trafficking and how to avoid getting caught up in it.”
But while Jamaica has improved in its human trafficking status, according to the United States Government, deputy director in the Office of Sustainable Development at USAID, Sean Osner, said that there is still more to be done.
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| Participant Ricardo Rose accepts his certificate from Jennifer Williams, director of research and policy at the Bureau of Women’s Affairs, during Wednesday’s closing ceremony for part three of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Project. |
He commended the efforts of the recently developed Anti-Trafficking in Person Task Force, but said that the Government should do more in encourage private sector organisations to join the fight against the practice.
Human trafficking is considered as an international crime which is of grave concern to Jamaica. Though it is difficult to obtain exact statistics, an estimated 600,000 – 800,000 persons are trafficked across international borders worldwide annually.
Often regarded as the fastest growing criminal industry in the world, the practice is estimated to rake in US$ 5-9 billion each year.
Seminar will focus on fighting human trafficking
Hassan Hassan
- Last Updated: April 16. 2009 8:30AM UAE / April 16. 2009 4:30AM GMT
ABU DHABI // The country’s new Human Rights Department will hold a two-day symposium here next week to address human trafficking.
“This is the department’s first activity to stamp out human trafficking,” said Col Ahmad Mohammed Nekhaira, the head of the human rights directorate for Abu Dhabi Police. “The symposium is two-fold: it will explore the nature of human trafficking and its dimensions, and explore the role of national institutions in fighting the issue.”
Ministries, institutions, associations and human rights activists from inside the country will take part, as will representatives from the United Nations Development Programme.
Col Nekhaira listed a number of measures already taken to fight human trafficking in the UAE. In 2006, a federal law was introduced calling for a minimum of five years in prison for traffickers – the first such law in the Arab world.
The country has also ratified the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime and joined its protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children.
“The UAE exerts a great deal of efforts to safeguard the dignity of humans and their fundamental rights,” Col Nekhaira said. “These efforts are inspired by the religion of Islam and the state constitution.”
A report issued by Abu Dhabi Police in December called for the establishment of a fund to support efforts to combat human trafficking and offer aid and compensation to victims.
It also called for adding a financial penalty to imprisonment and extending confiscation to include all money, luggage or items used in the trafficking process as well as all proceeds and possessions acquired from the crime.
The Human Rights Department was founded in December under the auspices of the Interior Ministry to oversee the condition of human rights in the UAE. It is also tasked with producing regular reports according to criteria approved by the UN.
The symposium, titled “Protection of Human Trafficking Victims”, will be held at the Interior Ministry on Tuesday and Wednesday.
Drug cartels raise the stakes on human smuggling
Reporting from Washington — Mexican drug cartels and their vast network of associates have branched out from their traditional business of narcotics trafficking and are now playing a central role in the multibillion-dollar-a-year business of illegal immigrant smuggling, U.S. law enforcement officials and other experts say.
The business of smuggling humans across the Mexican border has always been brisk, with many thousands coming across every year.
But smugglers affiliated with the drug cartels have taken the enterprise to a new level — and made it more violent — by commandeering much of the operation from independent coyotes, according to these officials and recent congressional testimonies.
U.S. efforts to stop the cartels have been stymied by a shortage of funds and the failure of federal law enforcement agencies to collaborate effectively with one another, their local and state counterparts and the Mexican government, officials say.
U.S. authorities have long focused their efforts on the cartels’ trafficking of cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines, which has left a trail of violence and corruption.
Many of those officials now say that the toll from smuggling illegal immigrants is often far worse.
The cartels often further exploit the illegal immigrants by forcing them into economic bondage or prostitution, U.S. officials say. In recent years, illegal immigrants have been forced to pay even more exorbitant fees for being smuggled into the U.S. by the cartel’s well-coordinated networks of transportation, communications, logistics and financial operatives, according to officials.
Many more illegal immigrants are raped, killed or physically and emotionally scarred along the way, authorities say. Organized smuggling groups are stealing entire safe houses from rivals and trucks full of “chickens” — their term for their human cargo — to resell them or exploit them further, according to these officials and documents.
Rep. Loretta Sanchez (D-Garden Grove) said greed and opportunity had prompted the cartels to move into illegal immigrant smuggling.
“Drugs are only sold once,” Sanchez, the chairwoman of the House Homeland Security border subcommittee, said in an interview. “But people can be sold over and over. And they use these people over and over until they are too broken to be used anymore.”
The cartels began moving into human smuggling in the late 1990s, initially by taxing the coyotes as they led bands of a few dozen people across cartel-controlled turf near the border.
After U.S. officials stepped up border enforcement after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, the price of passage increased and the cartels got more directly involved, using the routes they have long used for smuggling drugs north and cash and weapons south, authorities said.
Sometimes they loaded up their human cargo with backpacks full of marijuana. In many cases, they smuggled illegal immigrants between the two marijuana-growing seasons, authorities said.
Kumar Kibble, deputy director of the Department of Homeland Security’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s office of operations, said the cartels made money by taxing coyotes and engaging in the business themselves.
“Diversification has served them well,” Kibble said.
Unlike the drug-trafficking problem, the cartels’ involvement in human smuggling has received scant attention in Washington.
That is the case even as the Obama administration and Congress increasingly focus their attention on Mexico, fearing that its government is losing ground in a battle against the cartels that has resulted in the deaths of more than 7,000 people since the beginning of 2008.
At one of many congressional hearings on the subject last week, Sen. Richard J. Durbin (D-Ill.) unveiled a chart that he said described the cartels’ profit centers: drugs, weapons and money laundering.
“I would add one thing, senator,” said Arizona Atty. Gen. Terry Goddard, who then described to Durbin his concerns about the cartels’ movement into illegal immigrant smuggling. “It is really a four-part trade, and it has caused crime throughout the United States.”
Arizona has become the gateway not only for drugs, but also illegal immigrants. Fights over the valuable commodity have triggered a spate of shootings, kidnappings and killings, Goddard and one of his chief deputies said in interviews.
In Arizona, the cartels grossed an estimated $2 billion last year on smuggling humans, Goddard said.
Senior officials from various federal law enforcement agencies confirmed that they were extremely concerned about the cartels’ human smuggling network.
In recent years, the U.S. government has taken significant steps to go after illegal immigrant smugglers on a global scale, setting up task forces, launching public awareness campaigns and creating a Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center to fuse intelligence from various agencies.
But at the southern border, the effort has stumbled, in part because Homeland Security and various Justice Department agencies have overlapping responsibilities and are engaging in turf battles to keep them, Goddard and numerous other federal and state officials said.
The vast majority of ICE agents cannot make drug arrests, for instance, even though the same smugglers are often moving illegal immigrants.
The reason: The Drug Enforcement Administration has not authorized the required “cross-designation” authority for them, according to Kibble and others. A top DEA official said that was partly to prevent ICE agents from unwittingly compromising ongoing DEA drug investigations and informants working the cartels.
Agents from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives focus almost exclusively on cartel efforts to smuggle large quantities of American-made weapons into Mexico.
“The only way we’re going to be successful is to truly mount a comprehensive attack upon the cartels. They’re doing a comprehensive attack on us through all four of these different criminal activities,” Goddard told a Senate Judiciary subcommittee.
“I’m afraid in this country we tend to segregate by specialty the various areas that we are going to prosecute. And our experience on the border is we can’t do that. We’ve got to cross the jurisdictional lines or we’re going to fail.”
Kibble agreed, saying that the cartels’ diversification will require federal agencies to work together. “It means we need more teamwork so things don’t slip through the cracks.”
He added: “We are very focused on it and applying law enforcement pressure to all aspects of the cartels’ activities.”
Asked for comment, Justice Department officials referred calls to Homeland Security.
But authorities are also hampered by budget shortcomings and other obstacles.
Even though ICE has primary responsibility over illegal immigrant smuggling, it has only 100 agents dedicated to the task, Kibble said.
There is no line item in ICE’s budget for human smuggling, so no one knows how much money is being spent on it, he told Sanchez’s border subcommittee, before acknowledging that the agency needs more resources to fight the problem.
There are also not enough resources for providing medical treatment and protection for those illegal immigrants who are caught, so many of them are not available to testify, said Anastasia Brown, the director of refugee programs for the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops.
As a result, there have been relatively few prosecutions and convictions.
In fiscal 2008, ICE initiated 432 human smuggling investigations, including 262 cases of alleged sexual exploitation and 170 cases of suspected labor exploitation.
Those efforts resulted in 189 arrests, 126 indictments and 126 convictions related to human smuggling, according to Homeland Security documents provided to Congress.
Cameron H. Holmes, an assistant Arizona attorney general at the front lines of the fight against cross-border human smuggling, agreed that federal authorities were trying to collaborate better.
“Are they working together enough? Absolutely not. Are they being successful? Look around,” Holmes said, before describing details of illegal immigrant smuggling cases in which people were killed or enslaved for years.
“We have a multibillion criminal industry that has grown up in the last 10 years and it all involves violations of federal law. I would not call that a success.”




